The BSR's history dates from 1901, when it was founded as a 'school' for research in archaeology and Italian studies. Its building was designed for the purpose by Sir Edwin Lutyens and occupies a site by the Gallery of Modern Art near the Borghese Gardens (see map). A major project of renovations and new buildings was completed in February 2004.

The BSR is a registered charity in the UK ( No. 314176) . It is regulated by a Royal Charter of 1912, with a supplement of 1996 . Financial support comes from the British government through the British Academy, from activity-specific sponsorship and from bequests. You can support the BSR as a subscriber, and by donations to the Development Appeal.

HM The Queen is Patron. The governing body comprises the President, HRH Princess Alexandra, the Hon. Lady Ogilvy GCVO, and the Council under the Chairman, Sir Ivor Roberts. The Director, Professor Christopher Smith, acts as the Chief Executive. Council and the Director are advised by five specialist subcommittees.

The majority of the staff are based in Rome; a small London office is also maintained at the British Academy.